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Fortresses and town walls - Sibenik |
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The fort of St. Mihovil (St. Ana) is placed in the top of the ancient town, on a stone hill 70 meters above sea level. By the beginning of XV ct it was destroyed several times. Its today look is from XV-XVII ct. It has around 2600 m2 of surface. There is a spacious yard in the centre. In the NE part remains of the material culture, ceramics from iron age, were found, so it is very probable that Croats built the fort on the ruins of ancient Iliric village. Twice the fort was destroyed in the explosion of gunpowder stockyard (in 1663 and 1752), and rebuilt afterwards.
The fort of St. Ivan is located in the north part of ancient town centre, in a hill 115 m above sea level. It was built in the beginning of the Kandian war, very quickly in August and September of 1646. Antonio Leni, Venetian military engineer projected it. The citizens of Sibenik helped building it because of the Turkish military campaign. The fort has a shape of a star, and in the north part it is reinforced with Tanaglia - high wall. Near it there was a battle with the army of Turkish general Pasha Tekelia in 1647.
The fort of St. Nikola is built on the entrance to the channel of St. Ante between 1535 and 1550. Venetian military architect Michele Sammichele made the project. It has a triangular shape. Lower part is made of white stone, and in the upper part from bricks. This renaissance fortification object has an interesting detail- the port of the main entrance in NE side. From Venetian times only two wells from XVII ct. are preserved. The fort St. Nikola is the strongest naval fortification objects on Croatian side of Adriatic. It had an important role in defence from Turks between 1570-1573.
Fort Subicevac is only couple of hundreds of meters SE from the fort St. Ivan and it is placed on a small hill. It was built at the same time as the fort of St. Ivan in 1646 and helped defent Sibenik from Turkish campaign in 1647. It was called Degenfeld for a long time, after commander of defence forces of Sibenik in 1646 and 1647, German man in Venetian service.
Walls, towers and town doors are ground stones of the fort St. Mihovil (St. Ana). Perimeter city walls existed on the land part of the town until 1864. Then they were removed for building theatre, construction of city park, and free communication of ancient centre and newer suburbs. By the end of XIX ct city walls and towers and main gate are removed. Now only fragments are present. |
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